Hom kev sib cuag: Kev sib cuag kub sensors muaj kev sib cuag zoo ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas thiab cov khoom ntsuas, thiab tseem hu ua cov ntsuas kub.
Thermometers ua tiav cov thermal sib npaug los ntawm kev ua los yog convection, tso cai rau tus pas ntsuas kub nyeem ntawv ncaj qha sawv cev rau qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov khoom raug ntsuas. Lawv feem ntau muaj qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb. Hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias, cov ntsuas kub kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov kub ntawm qhov sib faib ntawm cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem tsim qhov kev ntsuas tsis raug rau cov khoom txav, lub hom phiaj me me, lossis cov khoom uas muaj peev xwm kub me me. Feem ntau siv cov ntsuas kub muaj xws li bimetallic thermometers, iav kua ntsuas kub, ntsuas kub siab, ntsuas kub tsis kam, ntsuas cua sov, thiab cov thermocouples. Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam sectors. Tib neeg kuj nquag siv cov ntsuas kub no hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Nrog rau kev siv tshuab cryogenic thoob plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv engineering, chaw thev naus laus zis, metallurgy, hluav taws xob, khoom noj khoom haus, tshuaj, thiab kev lag luam petrochemical, thiab nrog kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab superconducting, cryogenic thermometers rau ntsuas kub qis dua 120K tau tsim, xws li cryogenic gas thermometers, vapor pressure thermometers, acoustic cryogenic thermometers, paramagnetic thermometers. Cov thermometers, thiab cryogenic thermocouples. Tsawg- Cov ntsuas kub ntsuas kub yuav tsum tau ntsuas cov ntsiab lus uas me me, muaj tseeb, tsim tau, thiab ruaj khov. Carburized iav tiv thaiv tus pas ntsuas kub, ua los ntawm carburizing thiab sintering ntxeem tau siab -silica iav, yog ib hom kev hnov mob nyob rau hauv qis- ntsuas kub ntsuas kub thiab tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov kub ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 1.6-300K.
Tsis yog-cov ntsuas kub tiv tauj, tseem hu ua tsis yog-cov cuab yeej ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub, muaj cov ntsiab lus ntsuas uas tsis tiv tauj cov khoom ntsuas. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom txav mus los, lub hom phiaj me me, thiab cov khoom uas muaj peev xwm ua kom sov me me lossis hloov pauv sai sai (ntev) kub. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kub.
Feem ntau siv tsis yog - ntsuas ntsuas kub yog ua raws li txoj cai tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev hluav taws xob thiab hu ua hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob. Radiation thermometry suav nrog txoj kev luminance (saib optical pyrometer), txoj kev hluav taws xob (saib hluav taws xob pyrometer), thiab cov txheej txheem colorimetric (saib tus pas ntsuas kub ntawm cov xim). Txhua txoj kev ntsuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsuas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov sib xws ntawm qhov ntsuas kub, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lossis qhov kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kub. Tsuas yog qhov ntsuas kub rau lub cev dub (ib yam khoom uas nqus tag nrho cov hluav taws xob thiab tsis cuam tshuam lub teeb) yog qhov tseeb qhov kub. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ib qho khoom, kev kho yuav tsum tau ua rau cov khoom siv emissivity nto. Qhov emissivity ntawm cov khoom nto yog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab lub wavelength, tab sis kuj nyob rau saum npoo, txheej, thiab microstructure, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ntsuas kom raug. Hauv kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob thermometry feem ntau yog siv los ntsuas lossis tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qee yam khoom, xws li kub dov ntawm steel strips, yob, forgings, thiab kub ntawm ntau yam hlau molten nyob rau hauv furnaces lossis crucibles hauv metallurgy. Hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb no, ntsuas qhov emissivity saum npoo yog qhov nyuaj heev. Rau kev ntsuas tsis siv neeg thiab tswj cov khoom kub ntawm qhov chaw, ib qho kev xav tau ntxiv tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov kab noj hniav dub nrog rau qhov chaw ntsuas. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntxiv ua rau kom muaj hluav taws xob zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov chaw. Los ntawm kev siv cov emissivity zoo los kho qhov ntsuas kub nrog lub ntsuas, qhov tseeb qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov chaw tuaj yeem tau txais. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntxiv reflector yog hemispherical reflector. Diffuse hluav taws xob los ntawm qhov chaw ze ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus kheej yog rov qab mus rau saum npoo los ntawm daim iav hemispherical, tsim cov hluav taws xob ntxiv thiab yog li ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov mis, ε yog lub emissivity ntawm cov khoom nto, thiab ρ yog lub reflectivity ntawm lub reflector. Rau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tseeb qhov kub thiab txias ntawm gaseous thiab kua xov xwm, ib txoj kev tuaj yeem siv los ntxig cov khoom cua sov-cov khoom siv lub raj mus rau qhov tob tob los ua cov kab noj dub. Qhov zoo emissivity ntawm cylindrical kab noj hniav tom qab ncav cuag thermal equilibrium nrog nruab nrab yog xam. Hauv kev ntsuas thiab tswj tsis siv neeg, tus nqi no tuaj yeem siv los kho qhov ntsuas kab noj hniav hauv qab kub (piv txwv li, qhov ntsuas kub nruab nrab) kom tau txais qhov tseeb ntawm qhov nruab nrab.
Qhov zoo ntawm tsis yog{0}} ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub: Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas siab tsis txwv los ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, yog li, hauv txoj cai, tsis muaj kev txwv rau qhov ntsuas kub siab tshaj plaws. Rau qhov kub siab tshaj 1800 degree, tsis yog -kev ntsuas kub yog siv los ntsuas. Nrog rau kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob tau maj mam nthuav tawm ntawm lub teeb pom kev mus rau lub teeb infrared, thiab tam sim no siv rau qhov kub thiab txias hauv qab 700℃mus rau chav tsev kub, nrog kev daws teeb meem siab heev.